How do you collect blood from retro-orbital plexus?
Blood is collected from the venous sinus. The rat is restrained, the neck gently scruffed and the eye made to bulge. A capillary tube/pipette is inserted medially, laterally or dorsally. Blood is allowed to flow by capillary action into the capillary tube/pipette, ensure proper aseptic technique is used.
What is retro-orbital blood collection?
In retrobulbar bleeding (RBB), also known as retro-orbital bleeding, a capillary tube is used to disrupt the retrobulbar venous sinus located behind the eye. This technique can be used to collect a large volume of blood with or without anesthesia, typically without detriment to the subject animal’s general health.
How do you collect blood from a rat tail?
Blood Sampling. Immerse the tail in 42 °C water for 40-50 sec to dilate blood vessels and dry the tail with a paper towel. Locate the tail vein to be bled (rotate the whole body with the tail to prevent twisting the tail). Note: Sufficient warming of the tail is critical for the rapid collection of a blood sample.
What is retro-orbital plexus?
The retro-orbital sinus (mouse) and plexus (rat) is a system of dilated venous channels at the back of the orbit. Blood can be collected from this area in anesthetized animals using a sterile hematocrit tube. Anesthesia is always required; Isoflurane is recommended.
What topical anesthetic must be used when performing retro-orbital procedures?
Retro-orbital sampling in the rat must be conducted under general anesthesia. 2. Once anesthetized, apply a single drop of topical opthalmic anesthetic (Proparacaine Hydrochloride) prior to procedure. Allow a minimum of 30 seconds for the medication to take effect before collecting the blood sample.
What is cardiac puncture?
Cardiac puncture is a suitable technique to obtain a single, large, good quality sample from a euthanised mouse or a mouse under deep terminal anaesthesia if coagulation parameters, a separate arterial or venous sample or cardiac histology are not required. It is appropriate for all strains of mouse.
What is a retro-orbital headache?
Cluster headache (CH) is a distinct primary headache disorder characterized by attacks of excruciating pain, typically in a unilateral retro-orbital distribution, with associated ipsilateral autonomic features.1. From: Sleep and Neurologic Disease, 2017.
How much blood can a rat collect?
No more than 7.5% (0.48 ml/ 100 g BW ) of total blood volume can be collected in a single or multiple draws over a week period. If 10 % (0.64 ml/ 100 gm BW) of total blood vol, must allow 10 days recovery before next draw.
What is an example of a local anesthetic?
Commonly used amino amides include lidocaine, mepivacaine, prilocaine, bupivacaine, etidocaine, and ropivacaine and levobupivacaine. Commonly used amino esters include cocaine, procaine, tetracaine, chloroprocaine, and benzocaine.
Which method is known as terminal collection of blood?
In general, cardiac puncture is recommended for terminal stage of the study to collect a single, good quality and large volume of blood from the experimental animals. During blood sample collection, animal will be in terminal anesthesia.
How do you perform a cardiac puncture?
Blood samples are taken from the heart, preferably the ventricle, which can be accessed either via the left side of the chest, through the diaphragm, from the top of the sternum or by performing a thoracotomy. Blood should be withdrawn slowly to prevent the heart collapsing.
When to use retro orbital or posterior orbital bleeding?
Technique. Also referred to as peri-orbital, posterior-orbital and orbital venous sinus bleeding. Retro-orbital bleeding should be performed as a terminal procedure. It should only be used with recovery in rare circumstances with exceptional scientific justification (e.g. where a large blood volume is necessary or where peripheral veins are used…
How is blood injected into a retro orbital mouse?
A capillary tube/pipette is inserted medially, laterally or dorsally. Blood is allowed to flow by capillary action into the capillary tube/pipette, ensure proper a septic technique is used. The sample obtained is a mixture of venous blood and tissue fluid, and is not representative of venous blood.
What kind of blood work is done on orbital sinus?
Orbital sinus blood sampling in rats as performed by different animal technicians: the influence of technique and expertise. Lab Animal 32 (4): 377-86. doi: 10.1258/002367798780599794
How are blood sample techniques used in rats?
We compared the behaviours of rats, and measured various blood parameters, after three blood sampling techniques: orbital puncture while they were under diethyl-ether anaesthesia, blood collection by tail vein puncture under O2-N2O-halothane anaesthesia and puncture of the saphenous vein without anaesthesia.