How is hydrocracking done?
A hydrocracking unit, or hydrocracker, takes gas oil, which is heavier and has a higher boiling range than distillate fuel oil, and cracks the heavy molecules into distillate and gasoline in the presence of hydrogen and a catalyst.
What catalyst is used in hydrocracking?
Hydrocracking catalyst are composed of active components and support. Alumina is widely used in hydrocracking process as catalyst support due to its high surface area, high thermal stability, and low prices. The objective of this research was preparated NiMo/Al2O3 catalyst that used as hydrocracking catalyst.
Which type of cracking requires very high pressure?
Cracking is the breakdown of a large alkane into smaller, more useful alkenes. Simply put, hydrocarbon cracking is the process of breaking a long chain of hydrocarbons into short ones. This process requires high temperatures.
Which of the following is a main disadvantage of hydrocracking process?
A disadvantage of once-through hydrocracking compared to a recycle operation is a somewhat reduced flexibility for varying the ratio of gasoline to middle distillate that is produced. More naphtha can be produced by increasing conversion, and production of jet fuel plus diesel can also be increased.
Which is the correct description of the hydrocracking process?
Hydrocracking Processes Distillate hydrocracking is a refining process for conversion of heavy gas oils and heavy diesels or similar boiling-range heavy distillates into light distillates (naphtha, kerosene, diesel, etc.) or base stocks for lubri- cating oil manufacture.
Which is part of the UOP hydrocracking process?
H2 VGO Slurry HC Unit SHC Diesel SHC VGO UNI Naphtha Pitch Bitumen Sales UOP Hydrocracking Process – Increasing Conversion and Profitability Flexibility to Meet Refiner Processing Objectives 3 VGO Hydrotreating (<20%) Mild Hydrocracking (20-50%) Partial Conversion (50-90%) Full Conversion (90+%)
What is the percentage of unconverted material in hydrocracking?
The conversion is typically around 50-60%. The unconverted material is low in sulfur, nitrogen, and other impurities and is used as either feed for fluid catalytic cracking units (FCCU) or a fuel oil blending component. The single-stage process may be operated with partial or total recyc- ling of the unconverted material.
Where can I find hydrocracking of distillate residue?
11Dan Gillis, Mark VanWees, Paul ZimmermanUPGRADING RESIDUESTO MAXIMIZE DISTILLATE YIELDSUOP LLC, A Honeywell Company Des Plaines, Illinois, U.S.A. Uniflex process is its simple integration into most existing refineries, minimizing the level of new investment CAPEX required12.