What are allomones and kairomones?

Kairomones are compounds produced by one organism and sensed by and beneficial to another organism. Allomones are compounds that are beneficial to the producing organism. Synomones evoke responses favorable to both organisms.

What are the 4 main types of insect pheromones?

Most insects use pheromones to communicate. Some chemicals have been investigated for pheromone actions in humans but evidence is weak. Many pheromone products can be purchased online, but research suggests that these are ineffective. There are four types of pheromone: releaser, primer, signaler and modulator.

What are the types of allelochemicals?

Haig (2008) classified allelochemicals into several categories, such as glucosinolates, phenolic compounds, terpenoids, alkaloids, hydroxamic acids, and other compounds (flavonoids, quinones, polyacetylenes).

What is allelopathic effect?

Allelopathy is defined as the effects (stimulatory and inhibitory) of a plant on the development of neighboring plants through the release of secondary compounds. Autoallelophaty is the beneficial or harmful effect of a plant species on itself.

What are Epideictic pheromones?

Epideictic Pheromones largely mark the spots where female insects lay their eggs. • Food Pheromones tend to be linked to trail pheromones; they are connected to organisms that use volatile hydrocarbons that guide their activities toward nesting for survival.

What are the common names of allomones insects?

Allomones are the defensive arsenal’s “backup artillery” used to blunt direct attack by predators. The effectiveness of allomones is embodied in the common names of some insects and their relatives: stink bugs, blister beetles, bombardier beetles, and vinegaroons.

How are allomones similar to pheromones and chemical defenses?

Allomones are like pheromones, except they are emitted by one species in order to modify the behavior of another species. Allomones are chemical defenses.

How are the allomones used in interspecific communication?

Others alter the allomones to form pheromones or other hormones, and yet others adopt them into their own defensive strategies, for example by regurgitating them when attacked by an insectivorous insect. A third class of allelochemical (chemical used in interspecific communication), synomones, benefit both the sender and receiver.

How are allomones used in the real world?

Besides functioning as repellent or defensive compound, allomones can be used to manipulate the behavioral response of the receiver. Compounds that fall into this category are, for example, chemical lures, which attract prey to the allomone-producing predator. This principle has been realized, for example, in carnivorous plants.