What is an overbased detergent?
Overbased detergents are commonly used in automotive and marine lubricants. Their main functions are to neutralise potentially corrosive acids and to contribute to engine cleanliness. The major types of overbased detergents that are produced commercially are phenates, sulphonates and salicylates.
What is overbased?
Overbased detergents (OD) are oil-soluble nanoparticles consisting of a calcium carbonate core and surfactant outer shell. They are important additives in automotive and marine engine oils.
How do you make calcium grease?
A lime-oil slurry is prepared by charging 15 parts of a mineral lubricating oil having a viscosity of about 600 SUS at F. and 9.777 parts of hydrated lime [Ca(OH) into an open saponification kettle at about 70-80 F. The oil and lime mixture is stirred without the application of heat until a smooth mixture is obtained.
How do you make calcium sulfonate?
A method for making a calcium sulfonate grease comprising the steps of: mixing water, overbased calcium sulfonate containing dispersed amorphous calcium carbonate, and optionally base oil to form a first mixture; adding at least a portion of one or more non-aqueous converting agents to the first mixture after one or …
What is calcium soap grease?
Calcium Soap Grease Due to this poor heat resistance, it is used for general plain bearings operating under rather low speed and low load where temperature would not rise above 70°C in service. The water resistance is good on the other hand, and thus the grease performs well in applications exposed to water.
Is calcium sulfonate grease safe for plastic?
New Calcium Sulfonate Thickened Greases This product is recommended for high load applications operating under extreme conditions. Made with a PAO base oil, this grease is compatible with many plastics and elastomers used in the Automotive Industry.
How can I make my grease thicker?
Many different types of chemical compounds can be used to thicken grease. Simple soaps are the most common grease thickeners. A simple soap is the reaction product of an organic acid (long-chain or fatty carboxylic acid) and an alkali metal to form an organic salt. Thus, simple soap is an acid-base reaction product.
What is the function of soap in grease?
Soap is the primary thickener for 90 percent of all greases. Simple soaps have a metallic base with a single fatty acid; complex soaps have a metallic base and multiple fatty acids as complexing agents. These soaps self-assemble into micelles that allow a compound that is normally insoluble, such as soap, to dissolve.
What is the best source of calcium for humans?
Sources of calcium
- milk, cheese and other dairy foods.
- green leafy vegetables – such as curly kale, okra but not spinach (spinach does contain high levels of calcium but the body cannot digest it all)
- soya drinks with added calcium.
- bread and anything made with fortified flour.
Is too much calcium bad for your heart?
After analyzing 10 years of medical tests on more than 2,700 people in a federally funded heart disease study, researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine and elsewhere conclude that taking calcium in the form of supplements may raise the risk of plaque buildup in arteries and heart damage, although a diet high in calcium- …
Does WD-40 damage plastic?
WD-40 can be used on just about everything. It is safe for metal, rubber, wood and plastic. WD-40 can be applied to painted metal surfaces without harming the paint. Polycarbonate and clear polystyrene plastic are among the few surfaces on which to avoid using a petroleum-based product like WD-40.