Did the 2004 tsunami hit Sumatra?
A powerful undersea earthquake that struck off the coast of Sumatra island, Indonesia, set off the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, also known as the Christmas or Boxing Day tsunami, on Sunday morning, Dec. 26, 2004. The quake caused the ocean floor to suddenly rise by as much as 40 meters, triggering a massive tsunami.
How long did the Sumatra earthquake last for?
The whole rupture lasted about 10 minutes. Compare this with California’s 1994 Northridge earthquake, which ruptured about 20 km (12 miles) and lasted 15 seconds. The portion of the fault that ruptured lies deep in the earth’s crust, in places as much as 50 km (31 miles) below the ocean floor.
What was the earthquake duration for 26 December 2004?
Spectral and wavelet analysis of the detided series show that the maximum amplitude was at a period of 35–45 minutes, with another maximum around 20 minutes. Along the Indian east coast, however, there is another broad peak between 1–2 hours within the first few hours after the first tsunami wave.
What caused the Sumatra tsunami of 2004?
The tsunami from the 2004 M=9.1 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake was primarily caused by vertical displacement of the seafloor, in response to slip on the inter-plate thrust fault (see Tectonics section above). The other, the local tsunami, travelled towards Indonesia, Thailand, and nearby islands in less than an hour.
How many earthquakes are there in Indonesia?
Based on the records of the USGS , Indonesia has had more than 150 earthquakes with magnitude > 7 in the period 1901–2017.
Where did the tsunami hit?
The first recorded tsunami in Japan, it hit on 29 November 684 on the shore of the Kii, Shikoku, and Awaji region. The earthquake, estimated at magnitude 8.4, [15] was followed by a huge tsunami, but no estimates exist for the number of deaths. [26]
When did the tsunami hit Thailand?
Thailand was one of the countries that was hit by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami. Due to proximity of the Andaman coasts of Thailand situated just about 500 km east of the earthquake epicentre, the tsunami took just 2 hours to reach and strike the western coastline of the country. The Thai government reported 4,812 confirmed deaths, 8,457 injuries, and 4,499 missing after the country was hit by a tsunami caused by the Indian Ocean earthquake on 26 December 2004.
How do earthquakes affect tsunamis?
Earthquakes trigger tsunamis when the seismic activity causes the land along fault lines to move up or down. When parts of the seafloor shift vertically, either becoming raised or lowered, entire water columns become displaced. This creates a “wave” of energy, which propels the water, according to Blakeman.