What is the function of Bulbus Olfactorius?
The olfactory bulb transmits smell information from the nose to the brain, and is thus necessary for a proper sense of smell. As a neural circuit, the olfactory bulb has one source of sensory input, and one output.
What structure do the olfactory bulbs rest?
Olfactory bulb, structure located in the forebrain of vertebrates that receives neural input about odours detected by cells in the nasal cavity. The axons of olfactory receptor (smell receptor) cells extend directly into the highly organized olfactory bulb, where information about odours is processed.
How many glomeruli are in the nose?
The Olfactory Bulb—cont. There are tens of millions of olfactory receptor cells, but only about 2000 glomeruli. Glomeruli receive input from between 5000 and 10,000 olfactory receptor cells but output onto only 10 to 25 mitral cells. activates a different pattern of glomeruli.
Which of the following brain structures receive inputs from the olfactory bulb?
The olfactory cortex consists of several cortical areas that receive information from the olfactory bulb, including the piriform cortex, entorhinal cortex, an area of cortex covering the amygdala known as the periamygdaloid cortex, and two regions known as the olfactory tubercle and anterior olfactory nucleus.
What is the bulbus Olfactorius?
The olfactory bulb (Latin: bulbus olfactorius) is a neural structure of the vertebrate forebrain involved in olfaction, the sense of smell. The bulb is divided into two distinct structures: the main olfactory bulb and the accessory olfactory bulb.
What nerve controls sense of smell?
The Olfactory Nerve is also known as the first cranial nerve. It is a sensory nerve that functions for the sense of smell.
How is smell detected?
Humans detect smells by inhaling air that contains odor molecules, which then bind to receptors inside the nose, relaying messages to the brain. Most scents are composed of many odorants; a whiff of chocolate, for example, is made up of hundreds of different odor molecules.
What is the process of olfaction?
In humans, the process of olfaction begins when volatile molecules enter the nasal cavity and activate receptors in the olfactory epithelium (OE). The signals from the OR cells responding to odorants and their metabolites are picked up by the olfactory bulb (OB).
What is the glomerulus nose?
The glomerulus (plural glomeruli) is a spherical structure located in the olfactory bulb of the brain where synapses form between the terminals of the olfactory nerve and the dendrites of mitral, periglomerular and tufted cells.
What are the three structures that protect the brain?
Between the skull and brain is the meninges, which consist of three layers of tissue that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord. From the outermost layer inward they are: the dura mater, arachnoid and pia mater.
What does the piriform cortex do?
The piriform cortex serves a critical role in odor discrimination and perception, synthetic processing of complex odorant mixtures, experience- and state-dependent olfactory sensory gating, short-term odor habituation, and odor memory.
How many glomeruli are in the olfactory bulb?
Olfactory bulb. Zebra fish, commonly used in laboratory studies, have about 80 glomeruli in each olfactory bulb, and the mitral cells, which synapse (connect) with the axons of receptor cells in the glomeruli, have axons extending to several glomeruli, whereas in mammals the main connection of each mitral cell is with one glomerulus.
What are the layers of the bulbus olfactorius?
BULBUS OLFACTORIUS. The bulbus olfactorius exhibits the following layers : 1. The layer of the superficial nerve-fibres. This, the fibre-layer, is formed by the nerve-fibres coming from the olfactory epithelium (Fig. i16). Within the epithelium of the olfactory mucous membrane, the bipolar nerve-cells lie among the sus tentacular cells.
Where are PPE cells found in the bulbus olfactorius?
In the Bulbus olfactorius, the first PPE mRNA-containing cells are observed after 9 days posthatching. Fourteen epidural electrodes were implanted in the Bulbus olfactorius, in the frontal areas Fr2 and Fr1, in the visual areas 18 and 17, and in the cerebellum of the right hemisphere.
How are tufted cells formed in the olfactory bulb?
They are formed from the branching ends of axons of receptor cells and from the outer (dendritic) branches of interneurons, known in vertebrates as mitral cells, that pass information to other parts of the brain. Tufted cells, which are similar to but smaller than mitral cells, and periglomerular cells,…